European Convention on Human Rights of November 4, 1950
A regional act concerning the countries of the newly created Council of Europe. Currently, all 47 member States of the Council of Europe are parties to the agreement. The "European Convention" has confirmed the list of fundamental rights listed in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Moreover, it was supposed to provide a basis for the effective implementation of the Declaration. Thus, a body was created: the European Court of Human Rights, headquartered in Strasbourg. This body can force a State party to the Convention to stop violations of the law and even provide financial compensation to the injured person.
The catalogue of rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Convention is similar to that contained in the Declaration. Some changes have been made by successive additional protocols. Protection of private property, prohibition to put insolvent debtors in prison, prohibition to re-examine the same case or demand the abolition of the death penalty.
The universal right to protection provided by the Convention should be seen as significant progress. Any person under the jurisdiction of a State party to the Convention may file an application with the Human Rights Court, regardless of whether this person is a citizen of that country. However, the complaint must relate to a violation by a public authority of the rights guaranteed by the Convention. The complaint must be signed by a person and cannot relate to already diagnosed and overdue cases. Finally, it should be added that filing a complaint with the Tribunal is impossible if an identical case is transferred to another tribunal of an international nature.
The International Law Covenants of 1966
ICCPR and ICCPR became the next stage in fulfilling the requirements of human rights protection by the United Nations. The resolutions adopted at the congress in New York, unlike the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, were binding.
The ICCPR guaranteed nations the right to self-determination and the determination of development directions. The emphasis was placed on equality between men and women, and he gave a wide list of human and civil rights protected by the Covenant, including the rights of the first and second generation. In addition to the prohibition of torture, there were provisions on humane treatment of prisoners, on the obligation to explain the reasons for the expulsion of a foreign citizen from the State, on the right to one's own worldview, on the protection of ethnic minorities and on being protected by the State. The 1989 Optional Protocol abolished the death penalty, which could have been reintroduced during the war, but only for the most serious crimes. Experience an authentic nuru massage in New York